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# \hfuzz

TEX 提供了一些命令，使你能够影响它关于一个盒子是否被视为过满并据此报告的判断——例如在 `.log` 文件中使用的

* `\hfuzz[=]` *尺寸*: `\hfuzz` 指定内容在一个 `\hbox` 中可以超出该 `\hbox` 的宽度，才会被视为过满。
* `\vfuzz[=]` *尺寸*: `\vfuzz` 指定内容在一个 `\vbox` 中可以超出该 `\vbox` 的高度，才会被报告为过满。

注意：

* “`[=]`”表示等号是可选的。
* *尺寸* 是以 TEX 能理解的单位指定的量——例如 pt、bp、mm 等。

**使用示例**

* `\hfuzz=0.5pt` 或 `\hfuzz 0.5pt` （“=” 是可选的）
* `\vfuzz=0.75pt` 或 `\vfuzz 0.75pt` （“=” 是可选的）

#### 示例

如果我们把单词 “Overleaf” 放入一个 `\hbox` 并测量其宽度（使用默认字体）：

```
\setbox99=\hbox{Overleaf}\the\wd99
```

我们得到的值是 36.41675pt。若现在把 “Overleaf” 放入一个 `\hbox` 其宽度太窄，例如 36pt，并将 [`\overfullrule`](/latex/zh-cn/tex-latex-yuan-yu/07-overfullrule.md) 设为非零值：

```
\overfullrule=5mm
\hbox to 36pt{Overleaf}
```

下图显示了输出：

![](/files/b40bb0b61b096e842c0de9ccab20bd7c6143f3f5)

如果我们将 `\hfuzz=0.5pt` 并重复上述操作：

```
\overfullrule=5mm
\hfuzz=0.5pt
\hbox to 36pt{Overleaf}
```

下图：

![](/files/a55ddb6c8f69d46c25edf006f1321603db24cc4b)

表明 TEX 不再将 `\hbox to 36pt{Overleaf}` 视为过满，因此不会添加 [`\overfullrule`](/latex/zh-cn/tex-latex-yuan-yu/07-overfullrule.md) 规则，因为 `\hfuzz` （0.5pt）刚好足以阻止这一点。

……的行为 `\vfuzz` 与 `\hfuzz`类似——只是 TEX 不会为 vbox 显示过满规则。

#### 关于 \hfuzz 的更多细节

TEX *实际上* 检查的是材料超出宽度的部分与总的（零阶）收缩胶的差值。例如，假设某些内容的总宽度为 100pt，而所需盒子的宽度是 95pt：TEX 需要吸收的超出宽度是 5pt——它需要将可用胶缩小 5pt。假设总的零阶胶收缩量为 4pt，那么 TEX 会比较当前的 `\hfuzz` 与 5pt 的值$$-$$4pt$$=$$1pt。

#### 相关命令

另见：

* [`\overfullrule`](/latex/zh-cn/tex-latex-yuan-yu/07-overfullrule.md)
* [`\hbadness`](/latex/zh-cn/tex-latex-yuan-yu/05-hbadness.md)


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